Interfaces should minimize the user’s memory load by making information, relationships, and options visible and easily recognizable instead of requiring users to recall or interpret them.
In the initial version, the budget chart relied heavily on similar color tones, making category segments difficult to distinguish. Without a clear legend or strong visual differentiation, users had to mentally recall or guess which segment represented each spending category. This increased cognitive effort and slowed down data interpretation, especially when comparing multiple categories at once.
In the improved version, each budget category is represented by a distinct and consistent color, supported by a visible legend beneath the chart. This allows users to immediately recognize category distribution and understand spending patterns at a glance without relying on memory. The clearer visual mapping reduces cognitive load, improves scanability, and enables faster, more confident decision-making when reviewing budget insights. (src: Jakob Nielsen – 10 Usability Heuristics for User Interface Design)