Welcome to part 2 of our Linux Fundamentals series! In this section, we will be exploring Ubuntu, one of the most popular Linux distributions.

Throughout this part, we will be diving into the command line interface, a powerful tool that allows you to interact with the system using text commands.

We'll be covering some of the most useful and commonly used commands in Linux, helping you to build your knowledge and confidence.

What Is A Terminal?

What Is A Shell?

Bash Programming

Shell Format

Let's understand this with images,

Now, visually you are familiar with the Structure and Tree Hierarchy of Directory.

First, let's print "Hello World" into the console using Bash.

Relative Path and Absolute Path- Relative path specifies the location of a file or directory relative to the current working directory, whereas an absolute path specifies the exact location of a file or directory from the root directory.

Let's start exploring.

example: whatis ls ls(1) - list directory contents

In Bash, flags are also referred to as options or switches. They are additional parameters that can be passed to a command to modify its behavior.

Let's see some Flags::

. : This flag represents the current directory.

.. : This flag represents the parent directory of the current directory. It is often used to move up one level in the directory hierarchy. For example, cd .. would move the user up one level in the directory hierarchy.

~ : This flag represents the user's home directory. It is often used to refer to the home directory of the current user.

- : This flag represents the previous directory. It is often used to quickly switch between two directories.

/ : This flag represents the root directory of the file system. It is often used to refer to the top-level directory in the file system hierarchy.

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