between authoritative parenting style and self-esteem among primary school students. It was also
hypothesized that authoritative parenting style positively predicts Self-esteem among primary
school students. The sample comprised of 259 students, including 198 boys and 61 girls. These
were recruited through convenient sampling technique from Shabqadar, district Charsadda, K.P.
and 5th classes. For data collection two scales were used. Rosenberg self-esteem scale Urdu
version for measuring self-esteem of students, which was originally constructed by Rosenberg in
1965 and translated by Sammer in 2016 with 0.77 internal consistencies and test retest reliability,
is 0.85. The second scale was Parental Authority Questionnaire. That was originally constructed
by Bur -
retest reliability is .78. Pearson correlation result indicated significant and positive correlation
was obtained between maternal and paternal parenting style and self-
-
concluded that authoritative parenting style fosters self-esteem of students at primary level.
Keywords: Authoritative parenting style, Paternal, Maternal, Self-esteem.
Copyright © 2020: Adnan Hussain. This is an open access distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided Access
article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License the original work is properly cited License, which permits
unrestricted use.
Citation: Adnan Hussain, Dr. Shazia Khalid, Saba Zer Naz, Muhammad Meikail, Ahmad Ullah, Andleeb Impact of
Authoritative Parenting Style on Self-Esteem among Primary School Students, of Science, Computing and Engineering
Research, 1(2), 25-30, May-June 2020.
I. INTRODUCTION
A website
My Etymology Published an article in 2008 and elaborated
that, Pa
their children happy and confident but personality of these
parents make them vulnerable to a specific parenting style.
Parenting style is an emotional circumstance, in which
parents foster their children and characterize by all aspects
of parental responsibilities and demanding (Darling &
Steinberg, 1993). Preschool children raised by their parents
of different parenting styles, which are varied in their degree
of social competence [2]. Parents affect child out comes
which in turn effect quality of citizens, so parenting style is
very important [4]. Inadequate parenting style is often
responsible for youth crimes, truancy etc. [6]. Family
background plays a great role in determining the life of a
person [7]. Parenting style is a Psychological construct that
represents standard strategies that parents use in the rearing
of their children [6] Authoritative parenting is a strategy to
seek reasonable rules and guidelines that are in the best
i . These parents are accessible and
approachable parents. They give freedom to their children,
to little bit extent. These parents are warm, supportive
and considerate. Authoritative parenting style is responsible
for high self-esteem as compared to other parenting styles.
Authoritative parents are more likely to buildup self-esteem
in their children. Researchers find out that self-esteem can
be improved and foster by authoritative parenting style.
Present study aims to investigate the impacts of authoritative
parenting style on self-esteem among primary school
students on the basis of literature review. Self-esteem may
negative or positive attitude
towards him or herself defined self-esteem as an overall
positive self-evaluation. Self-Esteem can be developed and
changes through a person beliefs and knowledge of their
thinking, actions and feelings [11]. Self-esteem is the basic
human motivation and it comes on the top in the hierarchy
of needs [11] and suggested the relationship between self-
esteem and parenting style. According to them, authoritative
parenting style links with high self-esteem, whereas
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