At the most basic level, you can break assessment into two types: formative and summative. What's the difference between the two, and when would you use one over the other? A formative assessment is a piece of writing students complete to show how a student is learning during a class, lesson, or module. On the other hand, a summative assessment is a piece of writing students complete at the end of a class, lesson, or module. This type of
assessment shows how much a student has learned.