A lipstick effect testing was done by economists in 2009 using statistical analysis. A conclusion reached, based on the data collected by Kline & Company, the effect was overestimated. According to Mintel, a marketing research company, the lip products fell by 3% during the great recession. Undoubtedly, lipstick probably isn’t a reliable recession indicator — many examples can be seen where the cosmetics industry has noticed increase in their sales irrespective of economic prosperity or recession. However, as discussed earlier it can surely give insights into consumer psychology and behaviour during uncertain times — and when used in conjunction with another economic indicators helps provide a clearer picture of consumer sentiment in an economy.