Fox Nuts, Gorgon nut, (Salisb) or makhana is one of the most
crucial aquatic medicinal plants indigenous to south east or eastern Asia,
specifically India and China. Nevertheless, wild forms of plants in wetland
ecosystem were also get going in Korea and Japan, as well as member of eastern
Russia. During spring, it fill out in water and produces bright purple flowers
during May. It is a photo cold hearted crop and can be fill out clearly from
March to September in economic way in India. Floating leaves are prickly on
petioles and along veins and the underside of the leaf is purplish, while the
upper surface is green. All the plant parts are thorny outside. It thrives best
in ponds, wetlands, lakes and lowland in tropical and subtropical regions of
India. Field cultivation of Euryale is also recommended where plenty of water
is available. Euryale is famous for its high valued seeds marketed in India,
China, and Japan. In India especially in Bihar, more than 96,000 hectares were
under cultivation in 1990’s. But nowadays circumstances it is cultivated about
11,000 ha only. According to situation it is now becoming under extinction due
to rapid urbanization and profitable fish production in wetland area instead of
Euryale, which is labor intensive. Evidence from the related field of botany
department indicated that Euryale was a frequently collected as wild food
source during the Neolithic period in the Yangtze region. The earliest research
and record shows that consumption of Euryale ferox to date was found in Gesher
Benot Yaqov, Israel, among artifacts of the Acheulean culture 750,000 years ago.