CBC- detail UOS.docx

CBC

Stands for:

Complete Blood Count

Definition:

A CBC is a blood test done to check the levels of cells in the blood, including the red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Checking a CBC is helpful in making the diagnosis of a large number of medical conditions ranging from infections to the causes of bleeding.

Parameters of CBC:

NAME

DEFINITION

NORMAL RANGE

Hb or Hbg(haemoglobin)

This is the protein in your blood that holds the oxygen.

Men-14 to 17 gm/dl

Women-12 to 15 gm/dl

White Blood Cells(WBCs)

Also called leucocytes or leukocytes, are the cells of the immune system.

4,500 to 10,000 cells per microliter(cells /mcL)

White blood cell differential:

Neutrophils

Lymphocytes

Monocytes

Eosinophils

Basophils

These are all the type of white blood cells and a part of immune system.On the basis of presence and absence of granules in the cytoplasm they are characterized as granulocytes and agranulocytes.

1500-7800 cell/ml

850-4100 cell/ml

200-1100 cell/ml

50-550 cell/ml

0-200 cell/ml

RBC(red blood cell count)

They carry oxygen through the body. The also help filter carbon dioxide.

Men-14 to 17 gm/dL

Women-12 to 15 gm/dL

Hct (hematocrit)

It is the volume percentage of red blood cells.

It is normally 40% for men and 31% for women.

MCV(mean corpuscular volume)

This is the average size of the red blood cells.

MCV score-80 to 95

Platelets

Also called thrombocytes are a component of blood whose function is to stop bleeding by clumping and clotting blood vessel.

1,40,000 to 4,50,000 cells/mL

Differential Diagnosis:

NAME

LOW LEVEL

HIGH LEVEL

WBCs

Infection, cytotoxic drug, malignancy, medication

Infection, necrosis, inflammation, Eclampsia

WBC Differential

Autoimmune disorder, Malnutrition, HIV(AIDs), systematic disease, stress

Indio pathetic, multiple myeloma, vasculitis,

Leukostasis, risk of hyper sensitivity reaction

RBCs

Anemia, bleeding, malnutrition, kidney disease

Polycythemia, dehydration,

Heart and lung disease

Hemoglobin

Anemia, bleeding, malnutrition, kidney transport, cirrhosis, cancer.

Dehydration, polycythemia

Hematocrit

Anemia, bleeding

Polycythemia, chronic hypoxia, dehydration

TEST NAME

DEFINITION

NORMAL

RANGE

LOW LEVEL

HIGH LEVEL

Mean

Corpuscular volume/value

(MCV)

The average size of RBCs.

Male-80 to 94

fl

Female-80 to

94 fl

Thalassemia, lead poisoning, iron deficiency, anemia

Folate (B12

Deficiency), EtOH Abuse, chronic liver disease

Mean

Corpuscular

Hemoglobin

(MCH)

Average amount of Hb in each RBC.

Male-27 to 32 pg

Female-27 to

32 pg

Iron deficiency, anemia, thalassemia

Macrocytosis

Mean

Corpuscular

Hemoglobin

Concentration

(MCHC)

Average amount of Hb in RBCs as compared to the average size of RBCs.

Male-28 to 36 g/100ml (only RBCs)

Female-28 to

36 g/100ml

(only RBCs)

Iron deficiency, anemia, thalassemia

Spherocytosis

Hemolytic

Anemia

Red Cell

Distribution

Width

(RCDW)

Amount of

variation in size of RBCs.

Male-11.8 to

14.5 %

Female-12.2 to

16.1 %

Macrocytic anemia

Microcytic anemia

Iron Deficiency,

B12 Deficiency (Folate),Chronic liver disease

Platelet Count

(PC)

Platelets are fragments that are present in blood and help in blood clotting.

Male-130 to

400/ml

Female-130 to

400/ml

ITP, TTP, HUS,

HFTTS, DIC, HELLP,

Bone Marrow

Failure

Polycythemia vera, Leukemia, stress, inflammation, infection

Mean Platelet

Volume (MPV)

Average size of Platelets.

Male-7.5 to

11.5 fl

Female-7.5 to

11.5 fl

Bone Marrow

Suppression

Congenital

Thrombocytopenia

Increased bone production, ITP, Myelodysplastic syndrome