Academic Research Paper on International Law

The following is a detailed outline of the legal dissertation on the stated research question: Is Pakistan’s record on the protection of the rights of women and children?

in compliance with international human rights obligations, and if not, what

is the root cause?

I. Introduction

A. Importance of women's and children's rights as human rights

B. Debate and examination of the human rights framework

II. Lack of major movement for women's and children's rights in Pakistan

A. Mediation of state's relationship with small towns by elite group1. Limited representation and influence of marginalized voices

B. Limited representation of Pakistani women's voices in human rights discourse

1. Factors contributing to the lack of representation

a. Cultural and social barriers

b. Lack of access to education and information

c. Gender disparities in political participation

III. Heterogeneity in the status of women in Pakistan

A. Interdependence of gender with other forms of exclusion in society

1. Intersectionality of gender with class, region, and rural/urban divide

B. Diversity across class, region, and rural/urban divide

1. Impact of socioeconomic development on women's rights

2. Influence of tribal, feudal, and capitalist social formations

IV. Systemic subordination of women in Pakistani society

A. Patriarchal values as organizing principles

1. Role of cultural and religious norms

2. Gender roles and expectations

B. Influence of local traditions and culture on gender norms

1. Honor-based violence and practices

2. Discriminatory inheritance and property rights

V. Compliance with international human rights obligations

A. Assessment of Pakistan's record on women's rights

1. Legislative framework for women's rights

2. Implementation and enforcement of laws

3. Access to justice for women

B. Assessment of Pakistan's record on children's rights

1. Legal protections for children

2. Education and healthcare for children

3. Child labor and exploitation

VI. Root causes of non-compliance

A. Patriarchal social structure and norms

1. Deep-rooted gender inequalities and discrimination

2. Resistance to women's empowerment and gender equality

B. Limited access to education and economic opportunities for women

1. Gender disparities in education

2. Barriers to women's economic participation and empowerment

C. Inadequate legal and institutional framework for protecting rights

1. Weak implementation and enforcement mechanisms

2. Gaps in legislation and policy

D. Lack of awareness and enforcement of existing laws and policies

1. Cultural and societal attitudes toward women's rights

2. Inadequate training and capacity-building for law enforcement

VII. Conclusion

A. Summary of Pakistan's record on women's and children's rights

B. Identification of the root causes hindering compliance with international obligations

C. Importance of addressing these challenges for the protection of women's and children's rights.