According to PubMed Central, it tells us, "Without a healthy attachment system, a child is much more venerable to stress and therefore more susceptible to having problems with trauma, anxiety, depression, and other mental illness." After reading this we can understand that parents with substance abuse issues do not have the same relationship as parents without substance abuse issues. We can see that by reading the first line, "Without a healthy attachment system..." to understand this better we can read this part of the article, "Attachment theory posits that the quality of the parents' attachment system that developed in infancy will affect their ability to form healthy attachments to their own children and with other adults." After reading this article we can understand better that parents with substance abuse issues cannot/do not provide healthy attachment systems within their homes. In conclusion, we see how this affects the child and how it can cause mental illness.