One text detailing the reaction of the Europeans to the New World is Dr. Diego Alvarez Chanca’s letter to the city council of Seville, which describes Christopher Columbus’ second voyage to the Americas. However, philosophers such as Michel de Montaigne would likely criticize the judgements and biases that justified the European invasion of the New World. If Montaigne read Dr. Chanca's letter, he would criticize the Europeans for judging the Natives based on their own standards of what is acceptable within their own culture, and for using this Eurocentric bias as a justification for acting towards the Natives with cruelty. Specifically, Montaigne's criticism would be supported by three of his essays: On Virtue, On the inconsistencies of our actions, and On the Cannibals, where Montaigne describes the difficulty of acting virtuously, the fact that human beings deem only one model of human life to be “correct, and the fact cannibalism is simply just a different form of torture. As the Europeans robbed the Natives, hypocritically judged them for their violence, and looked down upon their living standards, Montaigne would react, based on these three essays, by arguing that the Europeans came to these conclusions and acted in these ways because their Eurocentric bias caused them to compare European culture to the Native’s, despite them being two completely separate civilizations that cannot be juxtaposed. By demonstrating that a Eurocentric bias promotes and rationalizes violence against anyone who doesn’t fit the specific norms created by the Europeans, it is portrayed as something negative that Europeans should understand and overcome.