The most straightforward method to increase the energy output of a solar panel is to enable it to track the sun's movement.
This can be achieved by utilizing four LDR sensors to detect the sun's direction, a stepper motor to adjust the panel's horizontal position, and a Servo Motor to alter its vertical angle.
The necessary components for this project include an Arduino Uno microcontroller, LDR sensors, a Servo Motor, and a Stepper Motor, as well as passive components such as Resistors, Switches, Capacitors, and LEDs.
The program is developed using the C language in the Arduino Integrated Development Environment (IDE).