nonstate terrorism, secrecy is a constant in all manifestations of establishment terrorism. States typically try to deny their direct involvement in such crimes in order to escape international condemnation as well as political and military retaliation from those they are trying to harm.

HISTORY OF TERRORISM

Unlike nonstate terrorism, secrecy is a constant in all manifestations of establishment terrorism. States typically try to deny their direct involvement in such crimes in order to escape international condemnation as well as political and military retaliation from those they are trying to harm.