In ethics, Aristotle introduced the idea of virtue as a mean between extremes, positing that the good life is achieved through the cultivation of virtues that enable individuals to fulfill their potential. His notion of eudaimonia, often translated as "flourishing" or "happiness," reflects a holistic understanding of well-being that encompasses moral, intellectual, and social dimensions. Through his comprehensive approach, Aristotle profoundly influenced Western thought, establishing a framework for critical inquiry that remains relevant today.