How to Make a Business Plan

Twenty years ago, I was starting a new business. I had started businesses before, but nothing on the scale of this startup. Back then, I didn’t have the online resources to the degree I do today. But every piece of information I found told me that to be successful, I had to start with a business plan.

A business plan is a detailed document that outlines your business idea, its market potential, and the strategy for execution. I learned that every entrepreneur and business owner needs a business plan to attract potential investors, secure lenders, and ensure the successful growth of their new business.

With tools like ChatGPT, making a business plan has never been easier, but I’ll outline every step of the process so that you understand the why and how of a business plan.

Let’s get started!

A complete business plan is a guide for business owners, detailing plans and outlining the milestones for reaching business goals. It allows you to share your findings with lenders and investors, as well as the all-important stakeholders who are helping to create this new business. It contains detailed market research and analysis, two of the most important tasks you must explore before you start any business. These help to identify target customers or ideal users for your product, service, app, or software. They also expose any competitive advantages you may have over other businesses.

The business plan is the who, what, when, why, and how of your business.

It provides well-thought-out financial projections and demonstrates the business’s vitality and potential to generate profit to your stakeholders, future lenders, and investors.

Creating a business plan is a critical step for entrepreneurs aiming to establish a successful business. Each section of your business plan should be thoroughly researched beforehand and documented in a clear, concise manner. While this is a high-level document, you should avoid heavy-handed business jargon, unless it’s technically appropriate. Be mindful of the varying audiences that will go through your business plan.

Here’s a friendly and straightforward guide to help you craft a comprehensive business plan. Let’s go into each part of a business plan and its specific purpose.

Let’s do the fun part! Summarize the key points of your business plan in the executive summary. This is the hook for your document. Doing this part right will ensure the whole document is read completely by potential investors and stakeholders until the end. Because this will be at the beginning of your business document, it sets the stage for your entire plan.

The summary provides a brief overview of your business, including both the mission statement and value proposition, and states the clearest benefit that customers receive in return for giving you their business.

Craft the company description

Include the company description in the executive summary.

Use as many details as you can to explain your business idea, the type of business, and its legal structure (e.g., S-Corp, LLC). Here you will also want to speak to the company history (or origin story), and the products or services offered. Include information about your management team and their qualifications and credentials. If this is a single member-managed LLC, this is a good place to talk about yourself and what you bring to the company.

The stakeholders and investors want to know that those running the company are stable and trustworthy, have no conflicts of interest, and will be looking out for the welfare of the company and its shareholders.

Thoroughly conduct market research on your consumer base and customer segments. This helps you decide who to market to and how to pursue them. To do this correctly, you must conduct a competitive analysis to understand your rivals and gather demographic details to find out who your customers are.

You also must identify market trends that impact your industry. For example, imagine building a new search engine and knowing nothing about Google. Ignorance about your society’s business trends or innovations can hurt your reputation and impede your growth. That’s why it’s so important to stay up to date on global happenings.

If you present this information clearly in your business plan, it’ll create a picture of the current market landscape and show opportunities as well as potential roadblocks. This will demonstrate to stakeholders and investors how your business will meet the needs of the target audience you’ve introduced them to.

This is one of the more difficult parts of your business plan. If you’ve never used artificial intelligence (AI), now might be the time to open ChatGPT or Google Gemini and start plugging in questions about your target market, or use other software tools like Semrush to research your competitors.

Market research and the marketing plan

Conduct market research. If you can’t afford to have someone do it for you, try doing it yourself on a budget. From the data you receive, analyze your target market and customer segments. Gather intel about your competitors. Use this data to decide on your business strategy.

Now you’ll choose the methods for your marketing, like social media or direct mail, and develop a marketing strategy to reach the target market you identified based on your market research. If you’re using social media, identify which platforms you’ll focus your attention on. Learn how to fully capitalize on your platform of choice and decide whether you’ll only try to reach your customers organically, or targeted means such as paid ads.

Include in the documentation your pricing strategy and other marketing activities like direct mail or email marketing.

With the market research done, you’ll next want to document your business idea, putting down every detail of the processes and procedures involved in selling your product or service. Then, create a mission statement and reveal your vision for your business. Identify the type of business. Lastly, create your unique value proposition (UVP) to prove how you stand out from your competitors.

Ambition is the lifeblood of any business. To boost your momentum as you work out the kinks of the business, outline your short-term and long-term goals. Look at successful business models and chart their progress and breakthroughs, so that you can gain a sense of how to reach your business ideals accordingly. Include specific milestones — maybe ones that you look forward to for the joy of the reward, or perhaps for the challenge in achieving it — and let your plan lay down the roadwork to your goals.

Brainstorm what you want for your business and outline your goals. Next, set up milestones to use as a roadmap. Finally, include a SWOT analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats). This document is invaluable. The main objective of a SWOT analysis is to help you gain a complete understanding of all the factors involved in making business decisions. By completely assessing your strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, you can make confident and informed choices.

Now let’s dive into your product or service.

Describe what you’re selling and document it in detail, highlighting any unique features, patents, or intellectual property. If you’ve done a market analysis, explain how your products or services will meet the needs of your target customers.

Knowing your product or service is key and solid research will help define the strength of the product. Imagine you’re going on Shark Tank and you need to be prepared to answer any question asked by the Sharks. Your investors will be looking at your business in much the same way, so be prepared.

Develop a comprehensive sales strategy. Explain the data behind your pricing, the channels in your marketing plan, and how you’ll reach your target customers — all these pieces work together to really get the ball rolling, and there are so many ways to get people’s attention on your business if your plan has a savvy sales plan.

Because it’s so easy to organically market to your audience through mediums such as social media, your initial efforts should either involve creating a presence on one or more social media platforms or using alternative marketing solutions. I’d suggest you pick the platform that best represents your market and focus on that. From there, you can gauge interest and engagement and look to diversify your social media or marketing avenues further!

Projections help you see where you’ll be financially at points in the future and provide needed information for your and your investors’ future funding endeavors. Depending on how aggressive your funding goals are, you may want to get the stakeholders to sign off sooner than later.

It’s been said before that if it’s not written down, it means nothing, so provide an income statement, balance sheet, and cash flow statement to demonstrate the financial stability and profitability of your business.

When you create the operational plan, you’ll detail your supply chain, production processes, and the daily operations of a smooth-running business. Make sure you identify key players and the supply or production partners involved in your business.

No doubt by now you’ve thought about countless details when it comes to running your business. Document every process and explain the day-to-day operations of your business in your operating plan. This document should include specific information on your supply chain, production processes, and operational workflows.

Now’s the time to detail your funding requirements and how the funds will be used. This is how investors and funding agencies recognize your needs and what you’re asking for to ensure future growth. In your proposal, you will need to talk about methods and strategies, a budget, and a statement of need.

If you plan on applying for grants in the future you may want to do some deep research into how to write a grant proposal.

Gather all the needed sections of your business plan into one master document. Spend some time rereading, reviewing, and revising the plan to ensure clarity and accuracy. Make sure everything you’ve written is in alignment with your business goals.

Revise your business plan accordingly. Before you finalize anything, everyone who matters to your business should weigh in and give advice and guidance, which you can use to revise your business plan accordingly. revise and document.

Reflect changes in the market or in your business structure. Throughout its life, your business will change and pivot based on its progress and your response to the ups and downs. The business plan document should change with it, serving as an up-to-date guide.

Don’t be afraid to use AI to help you gather and create the documentation for your business. While you do need to ensure that the output from the AI is accurate with thorough fact-checking, chatbots like ChatGPT are invaluable for gathering research, creating outlines, and checking and revising your finalized documents. It’s also good for creating example documents so you don’t have to work from a blank page.

Twenty years ago, I was looking for answers, and they were a lot harder to find than they are these days. Now, you can ask Google or Siri anything and have ChatGPT help you create a business plan from scratch that can, after a little tweaking, be used as the document that drives your business.