Rust Data Layout Benchmark: AoS vs SoA in Order MatchingRust Data Layout Benchmark: AoS vs SoA in Order Matching
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One of the most expensive performance problems is choosing the wrong data structure.
While building a financial order-matching engine in Rust, I explored how memory layout affects execution speed.
The business concern was straightforward: trading systems must process orders quickly and predictably, particularly under heavy workloads.
But faster hardware does not automatically solve inefficient memory access.
I benchmarked two approaches:
• Array of Structures (AoS): 17.8 ms • Structure of Arrays (SoA): 6.3 ms
For the same quote-scanning workload, SoA was approximately 2.8 times faster.
The improvement came from organizing frequently accessed data in a way that better supports CPU cache utilization.
However, this does not mean SoA is universally better. The right memory layout depends on access patterns, update frequency, and system requirements.
Performance optimization should follow evidence, not assumptions.
Before introducing concurrency, additional infrastructure, or architectural complexity, understand how data moves through memory.
Sometimes, the most valuable optimization is not doing more work faster.
It is making the CPU do less unnecessary work.
How often do you evaluate memory access patterns before optimizing application performance?
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