Estimating Default Risk for Small Loan Books with No DefaultsEstimating Default Risk for Small Loan Books with No Defaults
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A loan book with zero defaults is not a risk-free loan book.
Small cooperatives and new lenders often have no recorded defaults yet, so a standard model puts their risk at zero. Insurers, regulators and investors will not accept that number, and they are right not to.
For a 50-loan book with zero defaults, the 90% upper bound on probability of default sits between about 4.5% and 9%, depending on how correlated your borrowers are. The correlation assumption moves the answer more than the scorecard does.
I wrote this up as a short technical note with open, tested Python code, DOI 10.5281/zenodo.23864351.
If you run a small or young loan book and need a defensible PD, I can run the numbers for yours.
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