Here are the key components of process automation:

Workflow Automation: It involves streamlining processes for tasks to move more efficiently from one step to the next. It's about eliminating manual, time-consuming tasks like data entry and retrieval, improving efficiency, and reducing errors.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML): AI and ML can be used to predict future trends, automate decision-making processes, and improve the quality of outputs. They can also be used to learn from past actions and optimize processes over time.

Robotic Process Automation (RPA): RPA uses software bots to automate highly repetitive, routine tasks normally performed by knowledge workers.

Business Rule Engines: These are systems that execute one or more business rules in a runtime production environment. The rules might be quite complex, like if a customer orders more than $100, offer a 10% discount, or simpler ones like all orders must include sales tax.

Integrations: Process automation often involves integrating various systems to ensure smooth data flow and task automation. This might involve connecting an organization's CRM, ERP, and HR systems