Website Development | MERN Stack

Arpitkumar Viradiya

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Summary

MERN Stack Components

There are four components of the MERN stack. Let’s discuss each of them one by one.

The first component is MongoDB, which is a NoSQL database management system.

The second MERN stack component is Express JS. It is a backend web application framework for NodeJS.

The third component is React JS, a JavaScript library for developing UIs based on UI components.

The final component of the MERN stack is NodeJS. It is a JS runtime environment, i.e., it enables running JavaScript code outside the browser.

Let’s learn more about these MERN Stack components:

MongoDB

MongoDB is a NoSQL DBMS where data is stored in the form of documents having key-value pairs similar to JSON objects. MongoDB enables users to create databases, schemas, and tables. It offers the Mongo shell that provides a JS interface for deleting, querying, and updating the records.

Express JS

Express JS is a NodeJS framework that simplifies writing the backend code. It saves you from creating multiple Node modules. For keeping the code precise, Express JS offers a range of middleware.

React JS

React JS is a JS library that allows the development of user interfaces for mobile apps and SPAs. It allows you to code JavaScript and develop UI components. The JS library uses virtual DOM for doing everything.

NodeJS

NodeJS is an open-source JavaScript runtime environment that allows users to run code on the server. It comes with the node package manager or npm, enabling users to select from a wide selection of node modules or packages. Being developed on the Chrome JavaScript Engine enables Node to execute code faster.

Why Should You Work With MERN Stack?

There are many good reasons to use the MERN Stack. For example, it allows the creation of a 3-tier architecture that includes frontend, backend, and database using JavaScript and JSON.

MongoDB, which is the base of the MERN stack, is designed to store JSON data natively. Everything in it, including CLI and query language, is built using JSON and JS. The NoSQL database management system works well with NodeJS and thus, allows manipulating, representing, and storing JSON data at every tier of the application.

It comes in a variant called MongoDB Atlas that further eases database management by offering an auto-scaling MongoDB cluster on any cloud provider with just a few clicks.

Express is a server-side framework that wraps HTTP requests and responses and makes mapping URLs to server-side functions easy. This perfectly complements the React JS framework, a front-end JS framework for developing interactive UIs in HTML while communicating with the server.

As the two technologies work with JSON, data flows seamlessly, making it possible to develop fast and debug easily. To make sense of the entire system, you need to understand only one language, i.e., JavaScript and the JSON document structure.

Use Cases of MERN

Like other popular web stacks, it is possible to develop whatever you want in MERN. Nonetheless, it is ideal for cloud-based projects where you require intensive JSON and dynamic web interfaces. A few examples of purposes where MERN is used are:

Calendars and To-do Apps

A calendar or a to-do app is a rudimentary project that can tell you a lot about the mechanics of the MERN stack. You can design the front end, i.e., the interface of the calendar or to-do app using React JS. The data to be stored, accessed, modified, and shown in the to-do app is made possible using MongoDB.

Interactive Forums

Another suitable use case for MERN is an interactive forum, which can be a social media platform or a website that allows users to share messages and communicate. The topic of the interactive forum may or may not be predefined.

Social Media Product

An interactive forum is just one use of the MERN stack for social media. These include ads, posts, a mini web app embedded in the social media page, etc.

What's included

1. Tangible
Tangible project outputs are physical and digital objects and products that you produce as a result of your project. For example, if you work for a software development company, your tangible project output may be a software application that your team is developing for an external client. Similarly, companies that specialize in manufacturing may consider a piece of hardware as their tangible output.
2. Intangible
Intangible results are measurable conceptual outcomes that the team aims to accomplish upon successful completion of a project. Intangible outputs come in the form of both products and services. For instance, an intangible output can be improvements in your logistics system or an increase in new users.
3. Internal
Internal outputs are products or services that your project creates within the organization that you work for. A good example of an internal deliverable may be a budget sheet or a training program for the organization's upper management. These are products or services that the company uses for its own growth and organizational purposes without delivering them to the client or end-user.
4. External
External outputs are products or services that the project team creates for clients, users, or other external stakeholders. There are many reasons why a company may decide to deliver outputs of this type to its clients. Most development companies and manufacturers do it for the purpose of financial gain.
5. Project-oriented
Project-oriented outputs focus on building a final product within the approved budget and before the deadline. For example, it may come in the form of a document of compiled data, software updates, or equipment. Regardless of the final goal of a project, almost every project produces three essential outputs, such as a project plan, budget, and charter. These outputs can help define the workflow and allow you to make informed and strategic decisions.
6. Product-oriented
A product-oriented output is what a client or stakeholder expects to receive at the conclusion of a project. They're often in the form of a product or service, for example, a piece of hardware or a mobile application. An output of this type most commonly includes all product documentation that your team creates, such as instructions or other learning materials.
7. Process
A process deliverable is a smaller output that helps your team achieve the final goal of the project. For example, if your final goal is to develop a new mobile phone, a process deliverable could be to build a long-lasting battery for it. Choosing to introduce smaller internal outputs to the project you're managing may help with planning, document creation, information sharing, or budgeting.
8. Final
Final project outputs refer to the final projects or services that the team creates or delivers. Usually, successful delivery of this type allows you to mark a project as complete. An example of the final output is a finished website or a new piece of hardware that the client ordered.